Pain And Fatigue Of The Elderly - 1048 Words

Pain and Fatigue in the Elderly Ingrid Medina Nebraska Methodist College Pain and Fatigue in the Elderly The elderly population increasing, there is more of an incidence in chronic conditions, such as cancer. Cancer is the second top cause for morbidity and mortality in the older adult population that is older than 65 years of age (nearly 71 percent of all deaths) (Erturk et al., 2015). Cancer affects both different processes of the body and psychological process. One process includes pain perception. Researchers estimate that as many as 90 percent of cancer patients experience pain and 50 percent do not receive enough pain management (as citied as Erturk el al., 2015). There is often a stigma for older adults that pain and fatigue are a common process of aging; therefore, elderly have misconceptions of medications (e.g. opioids) and attitudes about pain and will often tolerate pain (Erturk et al., 2015, p. 167). One of my previous elderly patients was admitted for abdominal pain (hepatomegaly). I chose this research article because one of my priorities for her care was to managing her pain in relation to her abdominal pain and physical activity throughout the shift. The purpose of the research article was to â€Å"evaluate the pain and fatigue levels of elderly cancer patients and to examine whether pain is an independent variable in fatigue development† (Erturk et al., 2015, p. 167). The study design is a descriptive and cross sectional study from November 21,Show MoreRelatedSigns And Symptoms Of Depression Essay1040 Words   |  5 Pagesavailable and your capaacity to reason is impaired. Fatigue According to the National Institutes for Health (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3225130/), unexplained fatigue is one of the most common symptoms cited when patients seek help. This fatigue is profound, impacting concentation, physical health and emotional resilience. You may sleep but wake tired and you are bored but haven t the will for action. Science has found that fatigue and depression feed each other. Unfortunately, manyRead MoreChickenpox Essay887 Words   |  4 Pageshowever, symptoms of rash are not apparent until almost two weeks after exposure to the virus due to virus incubation period. The red spots appear on the face, chest, and back first and then spread all around the body. Other symptoms may include fever, fatigue, headache, and loss of appetite.5 Although it is a mild infection that doesn’t cause serious effects on healthy children, it can cause severe complications when acquired by adults,2,6 individuals with weakened immune system, or pregnan t women6. InRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Ill And Weak Individuals998 Words   |  4 PagesHidden Illness Society in general feels pity or concern for the ill and weak individuals. It may be because they have been raised to believe this is an appropriate response to their pain. 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Delirium, Dementia, and Depression all affect the elderly’s quality of life and often increase the risks for one another (Downing, Caprio Lyness, 2013). For the purpose of this paper I will be focusing primarily on the diagnosis of DementiaRead MoreRheumatoid Arthritis : An Autoimmune Etiology1521 Words   |  7 Pagesfollowing ways: swelling and damage of the joints (synovitis); bone destruction; formation of autoantibodies, like rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated peptide (ACPA); persistent functional decline; vasculitis; fatigue; increased disability; dysphasia; stiffness and pain, mostly in the hands and wrist; functional limitations and physical disabilities; systemic manifestations that may include renal, eye , and vascular issues; cardiovascular disease and myocardial infarctions; ultimately leadingRead MoreAquatic Therapy : A Therapy Essay1325 Words   |  6 Pagescan be used for many different types of illness, diseases, syndromes, disorders, pain, and musculoskeletal problems. Especially, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, low back pain. Aquatic therapy continues to be improving and is becoming more popular. It can also help normal/healthy humans live a healthier life. So I’m going to be discussing the different types of illness, diseases, syndromes, disorders, pain, and musculoskeletal problems and explain if aquatic therapy help manage their symptomsRead MoreCompassion Fatigue Resulting From Disenfranchised Grief1683 Words   |  7 Pages Compassion Fatigue Resulting from Disenfranchised Grief in Health Care Professionals Kathryn Brown Denver School of Nursing SOC 220, Cohort A Compassion Fatigue Resulting from Disenfranchised Grief in Health Care Professionals This paper explores the emotional differences that people in the health care profession experience when it comes to the death of a patient. It defines the bereavement role, the four tasks of mourning, disenfranchised grief, compassion fatigue and how ambiguity and a lackRead MoreTotal Knee Replacement1425 Words   |  6 Pagesdizziness, peripheral edema, and flushing. Immediate-acting forms of nifedipine can cause reflex tachycardia. To avoid rebound hypotension, the drug should be discontinued gradually. In rare cases, nifedipine may cause a paradoxical increase in anginal pain, possibly related to hypotension or heart failure.Contraindications: the only contraindication is prior hypersensitivity to nifedipine.INTERACTIONSDrug- Drug: when given concurrently, other antihypertensives have additive effects with nifedipine on

Vogler´s Monomyth Typical Hero - 1118 Words

In Denis Tedlocks, Popol Vuh, the specific features of heroism expressed in the story are Knowledge, and intellect, which prove to be significantly more important than gaining glory through physical courage and strength. The two main characters, Xbalanque and Hunaphu are the children of One and Seven Hunaphu who end up dying through their defeat by the lords of Xibalba named One and Seven Death. Xbalanque and Hunaphu then use deceitful actions in order to attain their ideal goal of defeating One and Seven Death. Xbalanque and Hunaphu are the protagonists who use their intellect in the internal battle which enable them to achieve what they are striving for. This format of the hero’s journey portrayed by Christopher Vogler’s The Writer’s†¦show more content†¦This displays how confidant he is, and even though he is the winner of that battle, he’s faced with anther one with Grendel’s mother, and then the ultimate battle with a dragon where heâ €™s finally defeated. Even though each of these assaults drew him closer to his morality, he still continued without hesitation, not realizing that he needs to think about the people of Herot, the ones who rely on him for safety. Without Beowulf’s protection, Herot will be in immense danger, which again, confirms that he only uses his physical strength to gain glory without contemplating the outcome. Unlike King Arthur and Beowulf, who don’t use any moral apprehension into their actions, the two brothers, Xbalanque and Hunaphu use their intelligence and trickery to defeat the lords of Xibalba. They intertwined the trickster archetype, which, is a character that is defenseless in physical strength but uses quick thinking to outwit his opponent (Vogler 78) and the hero archetype. The combination goes against the meaning conveyed by the monomyth because the focus isn’t emphasized on the hero and how he glorifies through power and combat. The focus is now based on triumphing through trickery and genius, which advance Xbalanque and Hunaphu to success in every way. They figure out the appropriate way in handling their enemies, One and Seven Death by convincing them in order to get what they coveted. The two brothers had confidence in their ability to entertain the Lords of Xibalba by earning

African American Culture and Traditions Free Essays

string(108) " so plantation owners saw it profitable to use African slaves as a solution to the problem \(Zinn, 2003, p\." The African American Culture and Traditions A Research Study and Facts That Will Take Us Into What Makes This Culture So Unique. Jeanette C. Council Dr. We will write a custom essay sample on African American Culture and Traditions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Jefferson Rackley COUN 504 5 May 2012 Liberty University Abstract The purpose of this research is to identify the uniqueness and diversity of people and practices of the African American culture. Each culture in life has some similarities and some differences. The similarities and differences that are present in a culture is what make the culture what it is. When dealing with a culture, race, ethnicity, of a people or religion it has a history of where it originates and or a heritage that that culture or people can relate to and always go back to, because this is what sets a group apart from the next. We will look at the key factors that contribute to family patterns found in my family of origin, which is the Jewish culture. We will also compare and contrast the similarities and differences between my family origins, which is that of the African American origin. Introduction There are many cultural groups and ethnicities in the world. Each and every person has a background and culture in which they come from, derive, or exist into. We don’t have any control over whether or not we have one culture in our families or many, but that’s what makes us diverse or unique and that’s what gives us the culture African American, Jewish, Asian, or Latino. As I have read and researched many diverse cultures during this course, it has taught me a lot about culture and having respect for mine as well as anyone else’s. We define the word culture â€Å"as the totality of the human experience for social contexts. This experience is mediated by biological, psychological, historical, and political events. Culture also includes behaviors, attitudes, feelings, and cognitions related to our identities living within the world (Hays, 2010). † As I explore my background, I will then learn more about who I am and the beauty of the culture that I originate from. My Family Genogram As I looked into my family history and called relatives to gain information about my background, I learned a lot and yet still want to know more about my family history and background. I was able to search and find four generations in my family tree on my mother and father’s side of the family. My family consists of a mother, a father, four sisters and one brother. One pattern in particular that I notice in my family is that there is a history of preachers and pastors stemming from my father’s side of the family, but as far as I can see the ministry started with my father. My mother’s side of the family has strong roots in the church and of being saved for long periods of time. The one most characteristic that I can remember is that my parents both took us to church, bible study, Sunday school, and any service that could go on in the course of the week. My father was not only a preacher, but also a pastor for all my life. Now my brother is an ordained elder as well as my sister and myself. I not only have preachers in my immediate family but I have several cousins in my family that are preachers and pastors. I believe that not only were we called into the ministry; the culture that began in my father trickled down to us. It was a behavior that was taught to them and it continued in us. We were taught how to love the Lord and how to be saved. Once we were taught the way to go then my parents help us to practice this behavior on a regular basis and it became a part of our daily life, even at a young age. What was taught to us is now a way of living; it is not forced but a true way of life. Proverbs 22:6 states, â€Å"Train up a child in the way he should go: and when he is old, he will not depart from it†. I like what is said from mental health professionals, â€Å"Mental health professionals are increasingly aware that a strong spiritual base can enhance personal resilience. The values, including sensitivity to others’ feelings, responsibility for one’s actions, personal fulfillment and satisfaction, self-discipline, forgiveness of others, healthy sexual fulfillment, and striving for a sense of purpose†(Bergin, 1991). As I think about this pattern I think about how my parents taught us the way in which we should live as well as teaching us the ways of God. Now that both parents are deceased, the understanding and truth about our beliefs and choice of a relationship with God came from the values, strengths and beliefs that have been instilled in each and every one of my sisters and brother. The African American Culture As I researched and talked to relatives concerning my background, heritage and culture, it made me want to know more about my family and where it all began. I had fun putting Together my family tree or Genogram and I see why it is important to know who we are and where we come from. I am an African American and both my parents are of African American decent. In the African American culture, many of our ancestors came to America by capture and not by choice. It is said that many African Americans were slaves and were a part of slave trade that was increased between the 15th and 19th centuries (Bennett, 2003; Van Sertima, 1976). Many African Americans were brought here to make their white or European owners money and cause them to be prosperous in areas of agriculture. There were white indentured servants, who could have worked to till the ground and make the harvest plentiful, but it wasn’t enough, so plantation owners saw it profitable to use African slaves as a solution to the problem (Zinn, 2003, p. You read "African American Culture and Traditions" in category "Essay examples" 5). My father grew up in Alabama, which is known as the Deep South and he experienced more racial discrimination then did my mother. My father grew up poor and lack things that we as the fourth generation did not. My father always said that he would provide and make sure that we had a better life then what he had to experience. I also know that my father ’s side of the family were sharecroppers and was a part of several other sharecroppers that were denied aide for their crops during times when racial discrimination was on the rise. Everything during that time was considered bad if your skin color was dark or black and if your skin color was light or white you were considered good or superior according to European Americans. Not only was black or dark skin considered inferior or bad, but European American were said to be Christian and black or dark skin was considered non-Christian. â€Å"Prejudice against skin color became the justification for brutality and hatred, and racism became important in building the nations of the Americas† (Zinn, 2003). One important aspect of the African American culture I would say would be that of the Underground Railroad. This was an important way out for many slaves in African American history. There is no way those we call African Americans could talk about slavery or being free without talking about the Underground Railroad. The Underground Railroad, lead by Harriet Tubman, was a way of freedom, or in other words a network that helped escaped slaves to make their way to the free states as well as Canada. â€Å"Between 1810 and 1860 as many as 100,000 enslaved African Americans were guided to freedom by the workers of the network, such as William Wells Brown, and Josiah Henson† (Koslow, 1999). Another great leader and activist for the African American culture would be that of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King was not only an activist and a leader for African American, but he was also a minister and pastor in the Baptist church, which is a pattern of my family background and culture. His children also walked in his footsteps, as did my sisters and brother in my father’s footsteps in the ministry. One cannot be apart of such a great movement and not be affected by it in a positive way. I know that my father as well as Martin Luther King Jr. ould be pleased to know that the values, beliefs and morals that they instilled in us did not go in vain or return void. I believe the culture that I grew up in and around help strengthen my faith and belief I God. We not only grew up in a household with these values and morals, but in our culture there was not too many people in our family that were not saved and had a relationship with the Lord. If I went to my au nt’s house I was around salvation and a strong belief system that God is in charge of my life. If I went to my great grandmother’s house it was the same. We all shared this belief in common, a relationship with the Lord and a belief that God was the head of each of our lives. I learned at an early age to love the Lord and study to know why I believed in what I believed. I believe that on a personal level, the cultural values and systems that were instilled in me at an early age help to make me the person that I am now. I believe that being a Christian has caused me to be a lover of people, all people and regardless of their religion or background it has caused me to be open-minded. My father has always been a helper of people and he has always loved people no matter what and I truly thank God for that. I remember when I was a young child; my father would bring people to the house, all kinds of people. He did not mind and he did not care what the socio economic status of the person was, whether or not they were bi-racial, pregnant out of wedlock or an alcoholic, it did not matter to him. Now that I am writing this paper, it is giving me nothing but revelation into my true destiny in counseling. I know that my father was a counselor as well as all the other titles and positions that he held. I always knew at an early age, or during my teenage years that I was to help people. I know that because my father was the way he was it manifested into my siblings and myself. My sisters and brother and myself are natural helpers and counselors now that I think about it, wow! I never really thought about it this way until I began to write this paper. My mother would always be hesitant when my father would bring all types of people home. I remember one Christmas when my father brought home a distant relative that was an alcoholic, and he sat right beside me at the dinner table. On another occasion my father was on his way home, and he saw a couple standing at a bus stop arguing, they were young and the girl was pregnant, my father stop to talk to them and he ended up bringing them home and he ministered to them. He gave them money to get to where they were going and took them back to the bus station to get back home. My mother would always tell my father how nervous she was because he would not care who he brought into the house around us, but he was concerned about their well-being and their soul. He was a prime example of the word of God when it tells us: â€Å"And the lord said unto the servant, Go out into the highways and hedges, and compel them to come in, that my house may be filled† (Luke 14:23). I now see the same characteristics that were in my father. I believe that I am a helper by nature. I currently work as a high school teacher, and they remind me each and everyday that I am supposed to be counseling. I guess they see the natural instinct of the gift of helps in me and they utilize it everyday, and I enjoy helping and counseling them. Spirituality has historically been an important factor in the lives of Africans. There was a myth that Africans did not have God and was without a sense of spirituality, but this is not true, this myth was made up by the slave owners and those that had anything to do with bringing slaves her to America. This myth was put out to make slave owners consciences to be at ease and to allow them to feel better about what they were doing (Billingley, 1992). Other Culture Patterns There are some other culture patterns that I have noticed in my background in the fourth generations that I have not seen in any other generation in my family, and that is in the area of divorce. I have divorced almost 4 years now, my sister is divorced, my brother is divorced, but now remarried, and two of my first cousins are now divorced, and one of those cousins has been divorced twice. I not only see this as a pattern, but I am wondering if it is a generational curse somewhere in the family line. This is not a part of my culture in particular, the things that I have learned from my parents as far as relationships and family is concerned is not about divorce. We have an example of longevity in marriages, and they are still together until this day. As far as a counseling aspect would be, I would be able to encourage longevity as well to my clients. I believe that there are so many issues in relationships today that cause people to stray away from the family unit and break ties easier than hen my parents were alive. It was our heritage to stay together and love no matter what, that’s the heritage that I grew up around. One thing I remember was my parent being in love and if there was a problem or situation that was troubling, they didn’t let us know about it. I believe that the day and time we live in today is so unlike the day and time when my parents were married and living. I believe it is a generational aspect that allows couples to leave so easy instead of staying together, it was unheard of then and the relatives that I have that are still married now are still married from the third generation. I want to be like my parents were in my next marriage. Another pattern I see in my family is a biological one. That pattern is multiple births; this is a generational characteristic in my family. Multiple births have been seen throughout the generations in my family, stating with my great – great aunt. During a time when doctors could not detect multiple births, it was not known until a woman gave birth. During that time my great-great aunt had multiple births, some triplets and some twins, but she would lose them at the time she was due to give birth because of the technology that is here no was not here then and doctors could not prepare for the births that were to take place. I have twins throughout my family now, I have a cousin from the third generation that had two sets of twins that are two boys, and then she had a boy and girl, fraternal twins. My mother has a twin sister, who is also fraternal twins, and my mother had twins fraternally, which is my brother Jevon, and my sister Jewel. How to cite African American Culture and Traditions, Essay examples

Graduation Day free essay sample

hen I am asked to think back on any special occasion that stuck in my mind and I remember it all the time. The first thing that gets into my mind is my high school graduation party. It was unforgettable night, it may coast us a lot of money, but it was satisfied for many other reasons. It was in Jeddah Continual the customary auditorium, in the second of February. We laughed a lot but we cried the most. After twelve year, many of us waited eagerly for this moment to be honoring and wait for their turn to go onto the stage to receive their souvenirs. When it was our turn to turn up on the stage me and my class, we were all very happy. My friend was the class monitor she insists all the teachers to make sure the souvenirs were giving to the correct pupil. I was the last one who received the souvenir from my teacher, Miss Rehab. We will write a custom essay sample on Graduation Day or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Class monitors were to present a bouquet from the class to their teachers. My friend specify me to held it up for her. I hold the bouquet with both my hands and transferred to her. We shook our hands and hugged slightly. I was quite shy at that time because I literally have always admired her. After that, the class arranged themselves to turn up on the stage and shouted â€Å"we love you Miss Rehab†, before everyone went back to their seats, I wasn’t aware that our class would do something like this because other classes did not do this to their teachers. It was awkward for a second but I was glad that we were special

The Kingdom of God Essay Example For Students

The Kingdom of God Essay Pear gates, marble stairs and a throne of gold, or an inner area in the hidden depths of our own soul? Which can describe the true kingdom of God, a real physical world or a place that is only seen in ones hearts. Some would say it to be a place above man, built by God to be a home for peoples souls after death. Others might say that it is no more than a place inside us that can only be reached through the right decisions and acts of kindness. A place that is not seen or discussed but only felt in a way that is incomparable to any feeling ever felt by the living. Yet while people retain their own images of the Kingdom of God the Bible itself gives a subtle definition through a series of parables or short stories, told by Jesus in order to pass along the message of who is God and what is the kingdom of heaven. Jesus, through his sayings and parables showed that the kingdom was being revealed in his own life and work. We will write a custom essay on The Kingdom of God specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now He preached his message of the coming of the kingdom through memorable stories, which in his day could and did relate to things of everyday life. Though most of Jesus followers didnt recognize the kingdom till after his death it was still brought to them by the Holy Spirit with a full understanding of his word and actions. Yet it was evidently difficult for them to understand before his death due to the previous ideas of the kingdom as a whole. Like many people of today those in Jesus time viewed Gods kingdom as a place above them yet unlike people today thought more literal terms actually believing that God was above them and was looking down on them. Even now, when in prayer, one may have a tendency to look up at the heaven in reverence since next to God it is the most endless, unexplainable thing in the world. Yet people are still able to know that as they look up they see God just the same as if they shut their eyes in prayer were to the people of Jesus time God was seen as truly sitting above them in his kingdom in which only those who follow the laws exactly would ever see.To truly understand the kingdom of God people have to have ways to describe it. One type of description used is the Kingdom as the redemptive or saving presents of God. By this one would say that the kingdom is seen through the natural love, kindness, and common curtsy people show each other ever day. Through these acts Gods redemptive prussic and the growth of his kingdom are evident. The Kingdom being understood as Gods one action, this universe, to create an environment in which all persons can enter into Gods community is another idealism that stands to represent the K of G. With this view, the kingdom is not thought to be a place in which our good deeds will gradually build but as a place were our good deeds will help us be in tune with Gods one action enabling us to discover the kingdom that God has already placed for us. Then for many people there is the kingdom of God in the literal sense. Some think that the kingdom is heaven or a spiritual sanctuary was those who lived their life for the Lord would eventually go after death. This outlook, as common as it maybe, depletes the real message behind the teachings of Jesus who tough that there is so much more to the kingdom than just a place for the faithful after death. Throughout the Bible Jesus adds a list of saying as a type of guideline for one to enter the Kingdom of God known as the Beatitudes. .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a , .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a .postImageUrl , .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a , .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a:hover , .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a:visited , .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a:active { border:0!important; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a:active , .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubdb05e15fcbe1ad705fb78d0d8e0d65a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Thesis Statement For Romeo And Juliet Essay Phrases such as Blessed are the merciful for they shall obtain mercy God revealed in his own life and work. He preached his message of the coming of the kingdom, yet before his death, due to the previous ideas of the kingdom most of his own people did not understand his teachings. It was hard for them to change their already set views of God being so far above them. Yet after his death the holy spirit helped to guide them to the truth. This shows Jesus was part of Gods plan to show the apostles and all who wanted to listen the true path to the Kingdom. And for some the kingdom was found and was a part of their life if they chose to except it. But what was there for some was not there for others.At times when reading the bible one hears a numerous amount of contradictions in the bible. Jesus said that the kingdom is coming or that it was soon be here while at other times he says that it was among them and is present. In a way Jesus says to the people that the kingdom is here, but not yet. In reality this is not as contradictory as it may sound. Through Jesus death and resurrection God mad himself present and in doing so relieved man and provided all that was needed to fight against sin making the kingdom very close at hand. This justifies it is here. Yet in freeing us from sin, we were still aloud the free will that separates us from the animal. The will to live, love and if we so chose sin. And it is those times when we chose to sin that pushes the splendor of Gods kingdom out of our reach, justifying the Not yet. In todays times people live the values of the Kingdom in there own ways. Some spend there hours in a church worshipping and paying. Other just try to live a life free of sins that can be avoided. I do a little of both. Im not the most religious person, nor do I spend too much time at church but I do know good from bad and right from wrong. In my life I rely on what I now and feel. To hurt others feels wrong so I try not to. To steal feels wrong so I dont. Though this sounds easy enough, maintaining such a simple set of guidelines is a most difficult thing to do. Everyday so many temptations arise, so many chance to fall into greed and hatred yet to resist everyday, to say no to the things we want so bad but will only mean trouble for us is and always has been the real challenge. So maybe I dont do great deeds or save the world from evil but I can save myself from it, I can chose not to do wrong and I can certainly take those small steps closer to the kingdom god has waiting for me to find. I feel that right now in my life I am a Kingdom person. God and I have our disagreements at times but all-in-all I do all I know how to do to be the best person I can be. I dont always go out of my way to help those who may like it but I will give my life to help any one who needs it. So as a person of God I feel that right now I am a Kingdom person.The Kingdom of God is a place yet not a place. It is here but not yet. It is to be found and looks to find us. And no matter who you are or what you believe the kingdom is, if one lives right, follows their heart and does as all men were given the right to do, which is chose God, what ever they feel is the utmost beauty of Gods creations. For it is ones faith that will lead him and what he has faith in hell find. .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 , .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 .postImageUrl , .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 , .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067:hover , .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067:visited , .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067:active { border:0!important; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067:active , .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left: 18px; top: 0; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067 .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u40bc4207264122b2ff57763949d95067:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Believe, Inspire and Follow Your Dreams Essay

The Treatment of Black Familie essays

The Treatment of Black Familie essays The theories mentioned in this essay have greatly influenced treatment approaches that have affected the lives of Black people. It is also intended to connect the cultural history of Black families and the clinical experiences of family therapists who have worked with these families. Through out the essay, the concept of empowering Black families are pointed out and placed into the treatment process. There is also a focus on the treatment process of family therapy. In her book, Black families in theory, there is a great deal of cultural diversity among Black families. Within the different types of cultural variables that are present in Black families and communities. It ought to be very clear that there is no such thing as the Black family. There is a need for a constant verification of the reality of individual differences within any cultural group. It is also important for the therapist working with these families to recognize the relevance of their background and to validate these skills without giving way to stereotyping either the background itself. Black families are often concerned about the judgment imposed on them by outside agencies and may therefore be sensitive about discussing with an outsider such issues. working with these families to recognize the relevance of their background and to validate these skills without giving way to stereotyping either the background itself. Black families are often concerned about the judgment imposed on them by outside agencies and may therefore be sensitive about discussing with an outsider such issues. Black families are known to be highly unstable and approaching a complete breakdown. The first strength that has been repeatedly recognized in Black families is the strong kinship bonds and extended family relationships. The issue of strong achievement orientation in Black families is often confusing to Whites of different cultures who do not see this put in force accordin...

Overview of the Apps Industry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Overview of the Apps Industry - Research Paper Example The apps business is well beyond entertainment and gaming apps. It is a flourishing software industry which unveils opportunities for technology seekers who introduced innovation blended with the Internet. The apps stores, particularly Apple Stores, Nokia Ovi and Android markets, are gaining popularity among users. So, the word â€Å"apps† is no longer limited to Smartphones. Various Internet giants like Google and Microsoft have initiated apps stores for their offerings. Apps industry is the result of collaboration between third-party developers and companies for designing, enhancing and trading apps via different sources like smartphones, tablets, social media platforms and others linked with the web. It has tremendous growth potential which can be unleashed using innovation and continuous improvement in features (Stevens 58-74). It can be rightly said that Apps business will set the foundation for Internet’s future model. Apple’s Apps store became an inspirati on for other players in the smartphone industry and was followed by virtual markets like Nokia Ovi Store, Google Android market and Samsung apps (Appling and Pappalardo, 2010). Even outside the smartphone platform, the biggest online retailer Amazon is influenced by the progress of apps store and might introduce it for its Kindle development. APPS INDUSTRY HISTORY: The origin of smartphone industry initiated in 1993 with the invention of IBM Simon. However, 2007 marks the advent of Apple iPhone which gave rise to the smartphone apps market, commonly referred to as â€Å"apps†. The Apple smartphone was a symbol of aesthetics which combined touchscreen display with web browsing in one package. Apps industry has developed over the years beyond smartphones and the mobile apps industry is highly fragmented among several players. The apps stores owned by OEMs by a combination of product, platform and store include Apple apps store and the like. Google’s Android and Microsoft market are the platform providers used on third-party handsets like HTC and Samsung (Allen, Graupera, and Lundrigan 57). There is a difference seen in market dominance of the brands in various countries. For example, US market resists in adopting Nokia system so it was unable to attain dominance in the region, unlike the world market. The prominent carriers are AT&T, Sprint Nextel and Verizon whose integration with the hardware manufacturers is very crucial. The carriers set sales conditions for hardware vendors. Traditionally, the telecommunication carriers subsidized smartphones in order to drive demand from consumers who, in return, sign a contract. This provided a great insight that consumers are eager to purchase expensive high tech machines on lower prices. The collaboration can result in sales rise for hardware manufacturers as well as subscription contracts for the carriers. PERFORMANCE TRENDS: The apps market predominantly consists of four major players: Apple, Blackberry, Nokia Ovi, and Android. Since the apps market has emerged, more than 300,000 apps have been developed and downloaded over billion times. App stores are becoming a norm for mobile apps download for smartphones nowadays. They are penetrating in the market very swiftly with 2.4 billion downloads being done in 2010 (Global stats, 2012).

Adaptive Supply Chain Co-Management manual Essay

Adaptive Supply Chain Co-Management manual - Essay Example Collaboration and competition have often been regarded as incompatible concepts especially as evolutionary biology became well-known in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It was presumed that only the fittest can survive if those with the most desirable traits are naturally selected over those that did not possess these ideas. This mentality spilled over into business literature and led to the manifestation of certain laws such as the Sherman and Clayton Anti-trust Acts (Zeiltin, 2007). However, time illustrated that sometimes certain kinds of cooperation and competition did not necessarily have to replace each other as seen through the formation of professional associations, cartels and business groups. Individuals may participate in a cartel in order to enhance the quality of output or their safety; this may also be done for reasons of efficiency. Some forms of collaboration such as the inter-firm network came about due to rising complexities of organisations. However, they took relatively long periods of time before they came to be accepted as cultural norms; a lot of ambiguity exists on the need for collaboration or cooperation; all of it depends in the nature of acceptance in the concerned nation (Zeiltin, 2007). Businesses today have now moved from the anti-trust mindset of yester years; in fact, it is not uncommon to find some form of collaboration between competitors in almost all industries of the economy. New technologies are becoming more complex and require huge capital investment to develop; markets are getting more turbulent, and the time needed to deliver products to the market is also increasing. Additionally, time and geographical boundaries have shrunk thus indicating that operating business internationally is a critical factor. Government policies are not particularly favourable in conducting business and so are other issues within

Marketing & Sales for Dreamworld theme park Assignment

Marketing & Sales for Dreamworld theme park - Assignment Example The Australia-based wildlife experience offers guests with an opportunity of cuddling the koalas, feeding kangaroos and drawing near to the crocodiles along with the Tiger Island being home to two cougars, eight Sumatran tigers and Bengal tigers charged with the duty to entertain guests alongside the trainers. Moreover, the company includes entertainment facilities like the Australia Animal Facility which takes place on a day-to-day routine therein (James Cook University of North Queensland & National Centre for Studies in Travel & Tourism, 1990). Furthermore, the company organizes for annual events like New Year’s Eve amp for adults and the ultimate single’s day often scheduled for February 13th every year. For a while, brand has proved to be a crucial tool in Dreamworld. For the past 5-8 years, the company has embraced strategies aimed at associating the company with brands with different appeals and capable of remaining relevant event in middle of varied demographic segments. To this end, the company has remained committed to improving its attractions and growing further whilst keeping up with the state of being a top-edge draws within the big Gold Coast. From 1981, the company has been able to develop individualized customer experiences by integrating products and customer initiatives in order to benefit both local and international guests (Australian Tourism and Hospitality Research Conference& Australia, 1990). Besides, the company offers support to local cultures and communities by sponsoring and taking part in charity organizations. The two cases present opportunities that Dreamworld could use to channel promotional messages to its target clients in order to increase its customer base along with the revenue stream (Parsons, 2002). Also, the Company has more opportunities to improve its target customers. More specifically, the company should diversify its customer base to encompass

Small Company Financial Statement Example

Small Company Financial Statement Example Management System DJs Ltd is a private limited company that is run in the style of a regular partnership firm. The two directors David Golding and John Selwood have divided the operating responsibilities of the company into two distinct areas and take care of their individual functions, while doubling up for each other if the need arises. While functional responsibilities are clearly defined, the organisation is otherwise loosely managed with four employees, two managers, (one for sales and front ending responsibilities, and the other for operational management), the chef, and a part time bookkeeper being the key operating persons. Operating systems, rules and procedures lack clarity and are, on occasion, ignored. Recording, accounting, and custodial functions are weak, possibly because of the small size of the business, its single location, and the presence of two hands on owners who exercise their own informal controls and checks to ensure the smooth functioning of the business. Risk of Fraud The risks of fraud, as in any business without structured control and checking systems, are significant. Fraud deterrence and control occurs mainly because of the presence of the two owners of the business, its small size and its compact single locational operations. Frauds can occur, and that too very easily in purchasing, inventory operations, cash management, payment of wages, cash sales and through tampering with the accounting system. Detection of Fraud While the current recording and accounting system is too loose to be of much help in immediately spotting frauds and throwing up alerts, the presence of irregularities and potential fraud can be detected through a number of overall checks in different operational areas. Tracking of movement of goods from the placing of purchase orders through inventory receipts, issues for consumption, and closing stock balances followed by reconciliation of opening and closing inventories with purchases and consumption, will reveal buying, consumption, and pilferage irregularities. Similarly tallying of total sales with cash, credit card and cheque payments, as well as of cash sales with money receipts will give an indication of the accuracy if records and the presence of dishonesty in the sales and collection function. Daily checks may well be unhelpful in this area as the guilty employees may become alert and become careful. It is best to do such checks for fairly long past periods to get accurate results. Overpayment of wages can again come to light if attendance records are tallied with actual wages paid for a specific number of months. Small companies in the UK, while they are mandated to prepare and file annual accounts that represent a true and fair picture of the operations and financial condition of the company, are exempted from statutory audit if their turnover does not exceed 5.6 million GBP or their balance sheet total remains at less than 2.8 million GBP. Considering the size of DJs Ltd and the nature of its business, the company will, in all probability, not be required to face statutory audit. The audit plan should commence with a detailed understanding of the operations of the company and progress to laying out the audit objectives. The audit objectives should include the ascertainment of the reliability of accounts, the legality and validity of company transactions and the adequacy of financial management under practice. The scope of the audit should thus incorporate two separate issues, the assessment of the financial accounting status, as evidenced by (a) the correct recording of assets and liabilities, including off balance sheet items, (b) the existence, ownership, valuation, description, classification and disclosure of assets (c) the legality and correctness of transactions, (d) the completeness and accuracy of recording entries pertaining to the period, as well as their description, classification and disclosure, and the financial management procedures, which need to ascertain economy, efficiency and effectiveness through an analysis of input/output ratios, cash m anagement practices, financial ratio analysis, and the availability of resources in time, as well as their effective utilisation. Apart from laying down the objectives and scope of the audit the audit plan will need to provide for time planning, (based upon a quantification of necessary audit tasks), the criteria for choosing transactions and items for audit scrutiny, the audit methodology to be followed, (involving procedures for checking of vouchers and postings, carrying out reconciliations of bank and supplier accounts, taking physical stock of inventory items, and checking accounts receivables and payable balances with the external parties), the required audit tests, and the allocation of manpower resources. The establishment of materiality is significant in the formulation of a plan. A proper understanding of the business will help in identifying matters of significance and will enable the plan to incorporate materiality factors vis-a-vis nature, amount and significance of transactions. Identification of areas where controls and checks are loose, as elaborated in task 1, will throw up the possibility of r isks and frauds. These areas will warrant more detailed and intensive scrutiny, as well as the need for overall and input/output checks. Formulation and execution of appropriate audit tests are integral to the successful execution of an audit. While audit tests are mainly framed in accordance with established accounting and auditing procedures they need to be adapted to the nature of the industry and provide for the peculiarities of the business. In the subject case the company uses standard SAGE accounting software, which eliminates to a great degree the need to check for manual accuracy and the correctness of posting entries and arithmetical accuracy of generated accounts. However, errors and irregularities can arise in many other areas and a number of audit tests will need to be included in the required audit methodology. Audit tests should start with a sample checking of the accounting correctness of vouchers to ensure that correct accounts have been debited and credited for both revenue and capital transactions. A sample testing procedure involving complete checking of three months vouchers and varying percentage checks for the other nine months should serve the purpose adequately. Journal vouchers need to be checked to test whether proper accounting procedures have been followed for incorporating extraordinary entries or corrections. Audit tests should include checking of purchases for rates accepted, with those available in the market, tallying of purchase orders, goods inward notes and bills, both for value and quantity, as well as reconciliation of inventory, checking of book and actual balances, sales bills for billing accuracy, both for rates and quantities, sales and collection totals. Apart from these tests, bank and supplier reconciliations, and carrying out of ratio analyses for operating and profit margins, debt and liquidity, will help in providing the auditors with an idea of the financial condition of the company. The following statement outlines the details of work to be carried out and its manner of recording for incorporation in the audit report. The scope of the audit will cover work involved in ascertaining whether the prepared accounts reveal a true and fair picture of the operations of the company for the specified period, the financial condition of the company at the end of the period, and whether financial management practices are appropriate for the efficient and effective running of the company’s operations. Audit activity will include assessing the scope of audit, checking of accounts for accuracy and adherence to stipulated accounting requirements and the appropriate financial framework, through standard auditing procedures involving sample and complete checking, carrying out of audit tests, interviewing and questioning required company officials, use of reconciliations, and other analytical tools like input/output studies, ratios and trends. The results of the audit will be recorded in different sections of the audit report, namely in (a) an introduction identifying the accounts that were the subject of the exercise and the relevant financial framework, (b) an explanation of the scope of the audit, (c) an assessment of the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the Companies Act, (d) a section on inconsistencies, if any between the directors report and the actual position, and (e) a description of irregularities, which, if material will find place in qualifications to the report. Companies registered in the UK companies with turnover exceeding 5.6 million GBP or with net assets more than 2.8 million GBP need to undergo statutory audits conducted by registered auditors. Statutory audit reports are part of the annual financial statements prepared by the company for the use of people who wish to obtain reliable information about the operations and financial condition of companies. They are as such used by all stakeholders, namely investors, banks, lenders, buyers, customers and employees for information checked, verified, and certified by independent, external, registered professionals with domain knowledge about their subject. A statutory audit report must begin with an introduction describing the accounts that were the focus of the audit and the financial structure that has been applied in their preparation (i.e. either UK GAPP or IAS) and further contain (a) a clarification on the audit scope along with the accounting standards used in the audit, (b) the opinion of the auditors on whether the accounts have been prepared in accordance with the Companies Act (and, if appropriate, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation), and whether they give a true and fair view of the company’s financial affairs. The auditors must also include their opinion on whether the directors’ report is inconsistent with the accounts, and can, if so warranted, contain qualifications to the prepared accounts. Irrespective of the qualifications the report must include references to matters to which attention needs to be drawn without qualifying the report. Quoted companies also need the statutory report to contain details on di rectors’ remuneration and the consistency of the operational and financial review with the prepared accounts. Provided below is the draft of a suitable letter to the management in relation to the audit of the business under discussion. DJs Limited, Address Dear Sirs, We are glad to inform you that the financial audit of your company has commenced and is proceeding as planned. The scope of the audit has been defined and agreed between the undersigned and your directors, Mr. Golding and Selwood. Our staff will visit your offices on Monday, July 30 to begin the audit work and convey to your officials the details of documents required. We shall be obliged if the required documents are provided and they are given the cooperation required. Yours truly XYZ and Associates Signature Name of Signatory Partner Reference ICAEW, 2007, Institute of Chartered Accountants of England and Wales, Retrieved July 25, 2007 from www.icaew.co.uk

Ross Assessment of Activities in the Middle East :: Politics Political Regimes Essays Papers

Ross' Assessment of Activities in the Middle East Winds of change continue to sweep through lands traditionally ruled by cruel regimes, as the people of these nation-states set aside their fears and vote with their feet. Participation in nations such as Georgia, Ukraine, and Lebanon has increased, and the question lingers as to whether these changes will be merely a breeze, or have more far-reaching and lasting effects. As former U.S. envoy to the Middle East, Dennis Ross, comments on the situations in the Middle East, he analyzes possible outcomes and makes policy suggestions on how to catalyze and encourage further movement away from corrupt authoritarian regimes. In his assessment of activities in the Middle East, Ross recognizes the doubtfulness of any kind of swift and complete transition away from the corruption that so often characterizes the governments of the region. The nuclear situation in Iran, and one of the proposals on how to deal with it, provide a small scale representation of the problems that result from cooperative dealings. Just as the carrots-and-sticks approach to the situation in Iran presents the problem of Iran?s compliance with the terms, so does the general climate of the Middle East. The way in which a nation chooses to present itself and its actions does not always reflect what is actually occurring; gestures and actions are not necessarily supported by genuine sentiment. Despite the fact that his calls for collective action by the United States, Europe, and Japan provide a hypothetically effective solution, the fear may arise that no action will be taken, regardless of the presence of an agreement. Though multilateralism seems to be a good way of handling these issues of corruption, transition, and hopefully, liberalization, it is by no means foolproof. As long as self-interest is prioritized above collective interest on the international agendas of nations like the United States, multilateralism cannot be a sure-fire solution. There exist no guarantees that the continued oppressiveness of various Middle Eastern regimes will prove the greatest threat to national and international security; therefore, there lies the possibility that other issues prove to be more urgent and take precedence. As a result, nations involved in this agreement may have more pressing concerns to address, and choose to withdraw or not participate fully if a response is needed . Ross acknowledges the capability of liberal activity in the region as a force with a possible spillover effect.

Panera Bread Essay

What are the Panera Bread’s primary sources of competitive advantage? In your judgment, are these sources of advantages sustainable? Why or why not? Panera’s primary sources of competitive advantage are: (1) the distinctive nature of its bakery products, (2) its brand strength, (3) the atmosphere of its restaurants, and (4). its position in the restaurant industry Yes,Panera Bread Co. (NASDAQ: PNRA) operates the signature restaurant chain Panera Bread, selling hand-crafted breads, sandwiches, salads, and drinks. Panera Bread bakery-cafes are often associated with the concept of â€Å"fast casual†, a mixture between fast food and more upscale casual dining. Customers still pay for their food at the counter, like a traditional fast food restaurant, but Panera arranges tables and chairs to be conducive to group meetings. Most Panera Bread restaurants are located in suburban strip malls and regional malls. As of December 29, 2009, Panera had 1,380 bakery-cafes, spanning 38 states, as well as some locations in Canada. Traditionally, companies like Panera have suffered in recessions, which decrease the frequency with which consumers eat out at restaurants. 1] However, Panera’s strategy during the recession has been â€Å"to stay consistent and not to react to the recession†, keeping costs constant and offering new salads and sandwiches. [2] As a result, Panera’s â€Å"fast casual† niche (between casual dining and fast food) contributes to its relative success; this positioning allowed it to avoid discounting wars and maintain its margins by attracting customers with a higher quality product perceived to be a good value for the money. Panera bread has a great meal of Bacon Turkey Bravo with 28G of fat per meal.

New Zealand Child Health and Welfare Essays

New Zealand Child Health and Welfare Essays New Zealand Child Health and Welfare Paper New Zealand Child Health and Welfare Paper even with its much larger population, there is one for every 1,300. The simple truth behind this, is that there is not an appropriate share of funds being assigned to child health. Dr Liz Segedin, a Paediatric Intensivist, believes the limitations of the endlessly awaited childrens hospital in Auckland reflect the low status of childrens health in New Zealand. â€Å"They’ll be no specialised accident and emergency facility. No specialised adolescent unit. No intensive care unit. It’s really sad. † â€Å"This just reflects the national priorities. † â€Å"Childrens services are disseminated all over Auckland. † An alternative look at child health is the children who owe their misfortune to the habits of their parents. Maternal drinking of alcohol, smoking and glue-sniffing in the antenatal period and parental smoking post-natally can all have a disastrous effect on the long-term health of their children. Immunisation of children has fallen to alarming levels. An Auckland Star editorial in March 1987 drew attention to the major problem of immunisation. It showed 50% of children were immunised against measles in some parts of the country, whereas, by contrast, in the United States, children are not allowed to start school without evidence of their inoculation against measles. Looking in-depth at the number of ‘accidents’ in New Zealand, it is shocking. It has been traditional in New Zealand to regard accidents to children as something inevitable, and not preventable, yet the fact that a child in Sweden, Denmark or England, to name a few, is less likely to die as the result of an accident than a child in New Zealand, questions this vague hypothesis. A radio news broadcast, mid-1988, asks for someone to collect a child who had fallen our of a turning car, apparently without the driver noticing. The child could be collected from Otahuhu police station. A troupe of monkeys in a dusty Asian town, moves towards a fountain. The young ones want to play in the water. The mothers allow them to play and drink, but each mother grasps the tail of her young one, so it can’t come to harm. Instinct. One of the main reasons why children are more at risk of accidents in New Zealand is that there is a cultural tradition which makes children responsible for their own saftey, rather than it being the responsibility of an adult. Parents are responsible, not children. Parent vigilance on our roads is as necessary as animal parental vigilance is in the wild. Too many humans in New Zealand have lost that animal instinct to shepherd their children, to sniff the sir or prick up their ears to listen for danger. Previously the abandoning of children was wide spread and widely accepted by civil and church authorities from ancient times through the middle ages. In many large families the abandoning of babies was a matter of survival. Many who didn’t die from starvation and exposure were used as servants and prostitutes. In New Zealand, regrettably, there is a diminishing number of people who appear to regard children as precious and deserving of particular planning, care and attention, in their own right, by virtue of their vulnerability, dependence and their potential. The principal of Whangarei Boys High School, Maurice Dean, blames the corruption of the young on the lack of stability, love and guidance in many homes. Time has brought dramatic improvement in some ways. Yet some things seem unchanging. In a orphans home, the boys slept in dormitories, â€Å"Bedwetting was common among the younger boys, who were al ways punished for it. Punishments were frequent and severe – young boys were beaten for trivial offence with a knotted rope on their bare backs. † (The book Looking Back) One hundred years later in October 1988, there are reports of a four year old boy being beaten with a steel rod from a clothes dryer, on more than one occasion, for bedwetting. â€Å"The extent of child abuse and child neglect is far greater than New Zealand society accepts or is willing to accept it to be. The formal response to the problem is feeble, at a legal level, at an intervention level, and at a prevention level. † (Lawyer, Simon Jefferson) Do we shudder, and turn our backs to the battered children? One might think so, judging by the total lack of public response. â€Å"Most feared were cords – electric blanket and vacuum cleaner cords and a couple of times tent poles. I spent my ninth birthday in hospital with stitches in my face where my mother had opened me up with her fist. I just lived in complete fear of my mother. † (Childs story, reported to Evening Post) In biblical times, boys had full adult status at thirteen, before that age they were subject to sexual abuse. Male rape under the age of nine was not punishable. And before the 13th century any sexual activity with a very young person was not considered rape. Both moral and social issues have to be evaluated when regarding such unethical behaviour. Disturbingly according to the Canterbury Area Health Board, close to 90% of the victims of child abuse know the abuser. Reported cases show that a girl born today has a one in four chance of being sexually abused before the age of eighteen; the risk of boys is one in eight. Children who go through this traumatic experience remember it forever. Looking at the pictures and poems done by victims brings tears to the eyes to realise the tragic memories they hold. It is so disturbing that such vulnerable persons are put through such a horrendous situation. This and other elements of a childs life are what increase the numbers of young offenders who continue the cycle of abuse. â€Å"Children are the only group in New Zealand society who can be locked up without a court order. Who are removed from their homes for the crimes of others Who can be beaten without it being an assault. † (Advertisement in the Listener) Questioning the readiness with which New Zealand society permits children, despite our affluence to suffer neglect and ill-health. The children of New Zealand do not deserve the suffering nor the ignorance of the nation.

Sugar Water in the Gas Tank Urban Legend

Sugar Water in the Gas Tank Urban Legend Internet urban legend warns of a criminal ploy to disable womens vehicles by pouring sugar water in their gas tanks. Does this trick really work? Description: Urban legendCirculating since: Oct. 2005 (this version)Status: Dubious (see details below) Example Email contributed Oct. 14, 2005: Subject: Warning....be alert!Thought this might be worth passing on.Subject: FW: Warning....be alert! Target in Olathe.I just wanted to let you all know of something that happened to me today in the Target parking lot. be aware of this and let everyone you know aware so this does not happen to anyone else. I was at Target today to return something which only took a couple of minutes. when I pulled into the parking lot a man in a car pulled in a couple spaces down from me. he started to go into the store about the same time as I did, then turned back around and went back to his car. I went into Target returned my items and walked back out to get into my car. when I walked out, he was walking away from my car carrying a small gas can. I noticed there was fluid on the side of my car and a puddle beside it. I got into my car not sure of what happened, wrote down his license plate # and left. He followed me out of the parking lot and onto 169. I was only able to drive about a half a mile and my car started acting funny. It died on me as I was driving and I was able to pull into an area business along the highway. I just sat in my car and called the police. The man drove by three times as I waited. The police who came took a report and said that he had poured sugar water into my gas tank which is what made my car stall. It was a great way to get a woman by herself to be stranded on the streets. Luckily for me I was able to stop where there were people around. The police know where the car came from and are working on this now. Not sure what will happen but my car is now in the shop not running, but it could have been much worse for me. Just be aware that this is happening and always be aware of your surroundings. It certainly scared me and I am grateful that nothing else happened. Analysis While its not 100 percent beyond the realm of possibility, the incident described above seems unlikely to have happened given the haphazard nature of the ploy involved. Putting sugar or water in the gas tank of a vehicle can indeed cause the engine to stall- sugar, because the granules wont dissolve in gasoline and may clog the fuel filter; water, because it interrupts combustion- but neither method will produce a predictably-timed engine failure. Depending on the quantity of the foreign substance introduced, it might take minutes, hours, or even days for the stall to occur, if it occurs at all. The same would hold true if the foreign substance was a sugar-water mixture. Dissolved in water, the sugars effect would be negligible, so its essentially no different than pouring plain H2O in the gas tank. The point is, the evildoer who plans to use this method to waylay his victim in a conveniently secluded spot is leaving an awful lot to chance, and, more likely than not, will fail. Which makes it unlikely that such a ploy is often used. From Kansas to Texas to North Carolina It may seem strange, then, to find email reports of incidents matching this exact description happening in Target store parking lots everywhere from Kansas to Texas to North Carolina. But its not so strange when you consider that this forwarded message has been circulating non-stop since 2005, accruing helpful bits of misinformation along the way. In this respect, the text fulfills the classic definition of what folklorists call a migratory legend, with individuals revising specific details to localize the tale before passing it along. At the same time, the story has inspired skeptical news coverage in some cities based on disavowals by local police. â€Å"It’s not happening in Hickory, police captain Clyde Deal told the Hickory, NC Daily Record after the email surfaced there in March 2007. â€Å"As far as we can tell, it’s not happening anywhere in western North Carolina.† Assistant police chief Mike Samp of Mishawaka, Indiana, gave a similar response to the South Bend Tribune: We researched it and could find no police report, which quite naturally, made us suspicious. Police in Wheeling, Ohio simply dismissed it as a hoax. Another Close Call Sifting through email archives, we discovered a variant of this story dating from November 2002 in which a perpetrator who disables a womans car with sugar water is captured by police and found to have an array of kidnapping implements hidden in his van. This alternate version bears a general similarity to the one weve already seen, but is also reminiscent of The Knife in the Briefcase, an urban legend circulating online since the late 90s in which a woman survives a close call in a shopping mall parking lot with a good Samaritan who turns out to be packing a knife, duct tape, and chloroform. Email contributed Nov. 11, 2002: Fw: THIS ALERT COULD SAVE YOUR LIFE!!!!!!!!!!I wanted to share a TRUE story with all of you. I heard about this last week and found out, that it is indeed TRUE. This happened to Cathy Conaways sister, who lives in North Guyton. She went to the Wal-Mart in Pooler about 11:00 one night about 1-2 weeks ago. (Im sure this is familiar for a lot of us) When she parked her car, there was a van parked right next to her. She heard noise coming from inside but didnt see anyone in it. (didnt think much about it then)About 1 a.m. she was leaving and noticed that the van was now parked in front of her vehicle. Getting a little nervous ( that gut feeling) she went back inside and asked if a security guard could walk her out. As they were loading her car, the van pulled out and left. As she got on the road, she noticed the same van behind her. She went a little ways (between Pooler and Faulkville) and her car began to spit and sputter. By this time she was really scared and called 911 from her cell phone. As she pulled over, the police was right there, and the van went on by.While talking to the police the van had turned around and went back by. She pointed it out and the police went after it. The man inside was arrested and taken to jail, but was released on a $700 bond. In his van they found: HER gas cap, a gun, hunting knife, duct tape, rope, a gallon jug of sugar water, and two pairs of womens underwear!!!!!!!!!! After getting her vehicle checked out for the problem, it was determined that sugar and water had been poured into her gas tank.They have found the man and he is back in jail. He is from Walterboro, S.C. I thought I would share this with you since Christmas shopping nights are just ahead. PLEASE be aware of your surroundings where ever you go. As for me, Im getting a LOCKING gas cap. They sell them (where else but) Wal-Mart. Anyway, the bottom line is: BE CAREFUL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Remember the lady that went missing from Rincon several months ago? They found her car , I think in the Freds parking lot, but still have not found her. Makes you wonder, doesnt it Cautionary tales are meant to instruct, and in a vague sense these examples may be edifying even though theyre false, in that they remind potential crime victims to take note of their surroundings and be wary of the advances of strangers when alone. But they also mislead, diverting attention to fictional scenarios and creating a climate of fear. Remember the fable of the boy who cried wolf? People will only be deceived so many times before they just stop listening, and that defeats the purpose. Sources I Put Sugar in My Husbands Gas Tank... Car TalkDont Panic, Widespread Email Warning Women Just a Prank. Hickory Record (North Carolina).Another Urban Legend Gets Debunked. South Bend Tribune, 10 March 2007.Hoax Email Aimed at Women. WTOV-TV News, 28 February 2007.What If I Put Sugar in Someones Gas Tank? How Stuff Works.

Analyze jealous husband returns in form of parrot Essay

Analyze jealous husband returns in form of parrot - Essay Example She buys him and takes him back to the house they had once lived in as husband and wife. In spite of the fact that he is physically transformed, he still feels jealous of all the men in his former wife’s life. Every time he sees a man with his former wife, he goes crazy with jealousy, venting his anger on the toys in his bird cage, and insulting the men through his bird talk. However, after a while, the feelings of his new identity overtake those of his past life, and all he wants, is the freedom to fly into the limitless sky. The story is told in the first person and always from the parrot’s point of view, even when he is describing his human life. The tone of the story is one of intense jealousy, that has been carried over from a former existence. Butler begins the story with the feelings of love that the husband felt for his wife in his former life; enjoying the sight of her beauty, and the touch of her fingers as she ruffled his feathers. This is followed immediately by the jealousy and anger displayed by the bird when he sees his former wife with a new man; waiting for him â€Å"to draw close enough for me to take off the tip of his finger.† Butler relates similarities in the two lives of the husband, where he is as helpless, where his wife’s infidelities are concerned, both as a man and as a parrot. His inability to communicate his insecurities to his wife, are likewise not dissimilar in either of his lives. The parallels that the author draws between the two lives of the narrat or are possibly meant to draw the reader’s attention to the fact that a man is as helpless in certain situations, as a bird that flutters helplessly in a cage, beating its wings against it, in its effort to escape. Perhaps Butler’s choice of a parrot as a reincarnation of a human, is related to the fact that parrots have been used as messengers, and can be taught to speak

Curriculum Issues Facing Educational Leaders Research Paper

Curriculum Issues Facing Educational Leaders - Research Paper Example According to the research findings schools exhibit low standards, incoherence, poor management as well as insufficient regulation particularly in relation to the work that teachers do with their students. The teachers are not held accountable by the schools and the teachers are left to do whatever they please behind the closed doors of the classrooms. From this view, the projected result is a decreased quality of performance on the part of the teacher together with the students. Fundamental to this view is the notion the genesis of the quality problem in teachers is in a deficit that is in the preparations, commitments, engagements as well as efforts of the teachers themselves.As the paper stresses  the best solution to the problem that is being faced by the educational system is an increase in the centralized control of the schools and making the teachers become responsible. Advocates of this view are in support of curriculums which are uniform, subjecting teachers to licensing ex ams and improved performance standards along with comprehensive teacher and school assessments. Most of these accountability measures have already been executed so that no children are left behind.  Broad research has been carried out in power, control as well as accountability in schools over the past decades with the research involving evaluation of a broad collection of data. Push towards accountability typically ends up in the wrong diagnoses and solution for the problem of quality of teachers.

Smoking in public places should be banned Essay

Smoking in public places should be banned - Essay Example Thus, they become passive smokers. This argumentative paper tends to persuade the reader that smoking in public should be banned by throwing light upon the hazards of passive smoking. Just like active smokers are apt to acquire many diseases, same is the case with passive smokers especially those who are actually living with the smokers. When in public, smoking does not only irritate others but tends to impart many illnesses to those around like sore eyes, sore throat causing smoker’s cough, nausea, headache, and trouble to people with asthma. This is not fair to the non-smokers because they are inhaling smoke and impure air for no reason of their own. This smoke is of two types: side-stream smoke and mainstream smoke. Side-stream smoke is one which rises from the tip of the cigarette while mainstream smoke is that which the smoker exhales. There are around 4000 toxic chemicals and gases present in both types of smoke which when inhaled by others in public cause many illnesses . â€Å"Non-smokers can get affected by breathing in cigarette smoke at home, at work, in bars and other smoky environments outside the home†¦About 2.2 million people in UK are exposed to passive smoking in their places of work†, states Gardezi (2005, p.30). ... Those children are at increased risk of SIDS, sudden infant death syndrome; lung infections such as pneumonia; ear infections; and more severe asthma.† The 2006 U.S. Surgeon General’s report also states that second hand smoke is a major cause of sudden death in children and chances of SIDS is greater for children who are exposed to second hand smoke either at homes or in public (American Cancer Society, Inc., 2010). This is because some children are born with weak immune system while in others the immune system may become weakened due to diseases, infections and medications, states Young (2009, p.32). Toxic gases in the polluted air weigh heavily on the poor immune systems of young kids thus making them ill quite rapidly. Another hazard connected to public smoking is that it tends to inspire other immature minds like those of young kids and youngsters. Their frail minds accept public smoking as pop culture and they also start following the same trend. Mature people under stand the hazards related to smoking but young minds are not familiar with the hazardous nature of smoking. Children tend to have less-developed ability of decision-making or critical thinking so they cannot realize what is wrong with what they are watching and their minds learn or absorb every act they see. Wishik (1963) state in their research that, â€Å"As one looks around to see 18 and 19 year old boys and girls smoking, one is impressed with the number of them who have already become heavy smokers.† This increase in the number of young smokers is due to the pop culture that is imparted by their elders to them. Public smoking is an important example of pop culture that tends to destroy young minds

Leadership of Howard Schultz Essay Example for Free

Leadership of Howard Schultz Essay Howard Schultz for President? . Howard Schultz, who is a founder CEO of Starbucks has showing concern about the future of Americans. His recent activities including boycott the political donations, until Washington, D. C coming up with some real effort to reduce the debt ceiling. Disappointing with the U. S political leaders as they failing to act appropriately while Americas confidence is faltered. By looking at the past, the Starbucks CEO has indeed achieved a remarkable milestone, from a sales person in Xerox Corporation in 1979 and to today, a massive green giant astonishing leader. All this footprint certainly is not coincidence or miracles. In the past, economy volatility, US recession, consumer demand instability struck his business beyond all recognition. Despite all this pitfalls, this premium coffee maker able to embrace the resistance and continue serving quality coffee every corner till today. Looking at his context ,all these demonstrates that his business understands the concept of ostrich syndrome, meaning by burying their head in the sand when facing criticism. And such, Howard now challenge the leadership style adopted by the U.  S government by not hearing the heart of the Americans. The question here is, Can his leadership style fit perfectly in the political field? Many critics claimed this is total different ball game, not just about coffee bean. As Howard apparently lack of political experience, this has put his entrepreneur leadership into challenge. Howards leadership however substantiated by evidences, well, at least from business perspectives. In his business history , this captain well aware that customer response and satisfaction is the best business performance thermostat. But to achieve this corporate desire , will require tremendous effort, starting from top management down to every barista in Starbucks. In such circumstances, to him, everything matters, and this is not something hard to observe. This modern leadership are well played by Howard and his team throughout Starbucks business. Sourcing from Joseph Michelli- Starbucks experience, this coffee business having the capability of motivating people through powerful, emotionally engaging visions and reconciling the people needs around their organization. Starbucks management has even establish a Mission Review Committee that govern leadership behaviors and ensure commitment by their partners by listening their concern. They makes a point of listening and responding to the ideas and suggestions of partners. Clearly, Howard adopt Situational Leadership here, whereby attend the perception of the followers and to indicate how efforts directed towards wider organizational goals could align with calculations of follower self-interest. His leadership style, changes our perspectives towards leadership. Is the U. S President not doing sufficiently to address the needs of his people? Dont get me wrong. Both also are transformational leaders, is just that Howard Schultz is practicing authentic leadership, this largely due to his father losing jobs because of medical problems, since then he became passionate about a company’s need to care for its employees. On the flip side, President Obama has proved to be a very good Senate majority leader by convening committees to do the work and intervening at the end. One of this strength is tends to see issues from several vantage points at once, so maybe it is natural that he favors a process that involves negotiating and fudging between different points of view. But particular in this debt ceiling settlement, he seems to be passive. Further from the above, so what setback is facing by the President? According to the award winning author, John Kotter, in his book Our Iceberg is melting, somewhat is similar to President Obama of failure in producing short-term wins. Failure in creating some visible, unambiguous successes to his fellow Americans all these while. This eventually causing Americans losing faith and trust in his leadership. This weakness of President Barrack Obama allowing Howard Schultz leadership ability become more prominence. Howard now ultimate intention is to create more job opportunities inside U. S, which he believe will turn things around. This similar challenge faced by all the leaders around the world, no exception of the increasing unemployment rate in my country. In my opinion, to resuscitate the economy, unparallel creative leadership style is needed. Perfect example from Sternbergs propulsion model of creative leadership, Re-initiation leadership style, whereby a leap in the dark from the familiar to meet perceived opportunity, and findings ways of removing constraints to uplift current country economic condition. This is certainly not easy. Especially the effort of satisfying the needs of millions citizen in Malaysia. Perhaps, respective leaders need to learn from the green giant leader on how to surprise and delight like what he did to his Starbucks customer. This is what we hope from our leaders, an effort to put a smile on everyones face.

Types Of Organization Of Deloitte Management Essay

Types Of Organization Of Deloitte Management Essay Deloitte is a UK private company limited by guarantee, networks of members firm and refer to one or more of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited. Besides that, Deloitte provides audit, tax, consulting and financial advisory services to public and private customers. Furthermore, it globally connects with network of member firms with more than 150 countries. In additional, it has 200 000 professionals in different region. 2.1 Types of Organization of Deloitte Deloitte is a profit organization which generate profit from provide audit, tax consulting and financial advisory services to public or private customers in different industries. According to Ebrahimi, 2012, Deloitte grew with profit from 34million pound to 569 million pound. Deloittes audit business grew 663 million pound from 586 million pound in 2011, consultancy arm grew 524 million pound from 460 million pound in 2011, Tax up to 529 million pound and corporate finance grew to 402 million pound and others. So, it is a profit organization. Besides that, Deloitte is also a not for profit organization. It is providing the various integrated services such as audit, tax, consulting and finance advisory with run in complimentary events, seminars and publishes regular newsletters, article and others. Those are specific for charities and non for profit sector. According to Deloitte, 2012, Deloitte have assembled expert and specialists to advise their customers in non-profit sector. The expert and specialists team included charity tax group, ACEVO, NCVO and CFG. 2.1.1 Organization Structure of Deloitte mt_graphic_organisational_structure_2011_700x450_210211.jpg Figure 1.0 Organization structure mean arrangement of job within an organization and design it into 6 elements which work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralisation or decentralisation and formalization. Deloitte have use network video conference to coordination and integration in 150 countries. According to Hamblen, 2008, Sullivan national director for business services at Deloitte said that you will forget you are being in a video conference meeting because it is much closed and experience like you are being there. It shows that the straightforward manner of video conferencing. Therefore, video conferencing is a very direct communicates method. The organization structure of Deloitte has work specialization. Deloitte assign specific job for specific person to performance in the activities. The figure 1.0 shows that marketing departments employee work for sales of Deloitte. Therefore, sales person in marketing department must have the sale knowledges. According to Kokemuller, 2012, work specialization means the workplace practise of assigning specific task to individual. By using video conferencing, manager of marketing department at UK can direct take each task and assigns to their people with specific jobs. Therefore, manager can direct assign job to their employees. Besides that, Deloitte has designed departmentalization in their organization structure. The figure 1.0 shows that Deloitte has divided into few departments such as financial, information technology, affair, human resources, office administration, marketing and talent and others. It is grouping into an area in an organization. According to Business Dictionary, 2012, departmentalization refers to allocation to work group combine in functional area in an organization. By using video conferencing, different departments can direct communicate in different countries. Therefore, it helps Deloitte to effective communicate. Furthermore, Deloitte has designed chain of command in their organization structure. According to Deloitte Greece Ethics and compliance program guidelines, 2012, manager should provide counsel or referrals as appropriate to subordinates and employees should seek guidance from supervisors. It shows that the order from the top is authority so that employees should seek. By using video conferencing, broad of director in UK direct order office of CEO in different countries to assign tasks to manager of different departments in Malaysia. Therefore, it can direct order to employees. In Deloitte, it has designed the structure into wide span of control with network. There must a manager who responsibility to manage a large number of employees with efficiency and effectiveness. The number of employees can be hundred or more than hundreds. According to Business dictionary, 2012, the number of employees that manager can directly control. By using video conferencing, broad of director in UK can direct control the office of CEO of 150 countries. According to Hamblen, 2008, Nemertes Research states that telepresence service can be in multiple locations. Therefore, employers may not misunderstand. Next, Deloitte is a decentralization organization structure. According to Deloitte, 2012, the culture and behaviours of Deloitte has 7 signals which is CHAPTER. Every capital have own meaning. For example, E equal EMPOWERMENT. It shows that Deloitte is encouraging ownership to empowering their teams. Besides that, Deloitte provide support, guidance, entrust responsibility and authority to their people. Deloittes empowerment is similar with decentralization. By using video conferencing, broad of director can direct guide and provide support to office of CEO of different countries with video conferencing. Therefore, it save the decision making time. In additional, Deloitte is formalization structure organization. According to Business Dictionary, 2012, formal structure is organization of a business that is typically hierarchical in nature. It shows that how the information flow and the decision flow including who report to whom. By using video conferencing, office of CEO of Deloitte in different countries can report to broad of director directly with video conferencing. Besides that, the decision of broad of director can send to office of CEO of different countries. Therefore, it save the information flow time. 2.1.2 Deloittes Culture There are very general characteristics that every organizational must have to look into, if not the organizational culture wouldnt incomplete. All this characteristics is important because it make the business into own way. There are 7 characteristics belong to an organizational culture: 1. Innovation and risk taking 2. Attention to detail 3. Outcome orientation 4. People orientation 5. Team orientation 6. Aggressiveness 7. Stability Deloitte is an organization with high innovation and high risk taking culture. It is because Deloitte have contract with Nortel which around multimillion dollars for provide and manage the services. So that Deloitte may able to use the Nortels global infrastructure of multimedia network operations centers to operate video conferencing. Deloitte believes that video conferencing can save on travel costs. According to Hamble, 2008, Sullivan national director for business services at Deloitte said that video conferencing can be expensive but it counts the productivity and cost of wear and tear on people. Hence, Deloitte is an organization which high attention to detail in culture. It is because Deloitte is an accountancy largest international company which provide financial advisory, audit and other. Therefore, it may attention to detail in calculation, analysis, research and others, to ensure that do not give a wrong advice to customers. According to Morgan Mckinley, 2012, typically number cruncher or accountant would like to work through problems and have great attention to detail. By using video conferencing, employees can direct communicate with others countries for attention to detail in order to complete a task. Therefore, employees will more understand. Besides that, Deloitte is an organization pays more attention to result rather than process. It is because Deloitte turns to video conferencing to cut costs and carbon footprint. Based on the calculation of Nortel, a company spend 23 million dollars on travel cost annually can use telepresence to recover as 385000 hour of lost productivity, reduce footprint by up to 4200 tons and save 7 million dollars. Therefore, Deloitte practise outcome orientation. According to Fiscal Report of Deloitte, 2009, Green meeting results in recommendations covering general planning, use of remote participation, reduction of materials consumed, catering, and post-meeting recycling. Besides that, Green Travel results in less travel. It shows that video conferencing effective alternative travel. Furthermore, Deloitte has the characteristics of people orientation in culture. Deloitte is providing a good environment for his people to workplace which is video conferencing. It because to reduce the wear and tear of the people who travel often. Besides that, video conferencing can direct communicate with different area people. From the direct communication between people will more understand and productivity. Therefore, it will improve employee satisfaction and productivity. According to People Link, 2011, video conferencing is improving the productivity of people and satisfaction of people. Next, Deloittes culture has the characteristics of team orientation. Team orientation refer to the company believe team helps to get better results compare with individual. Deloitte has the leadership team of our strategy and operation practise focuses on understanding the complex needs of customers. According to Deloitte, 2012, building out a team selling seems more effective to accomplish by breaking down the plan one step at a time. It shows that Deloitte believe than working in team is really work and effective. By using video conferencing, leader at UK can direct guide and control his or her team efficiency and effectiveness. Moreover, Deloitte is a company which aggressiveness. Deloitte will reward his employees when they are getting the job done. According to Glassdoor, 2012, Deloitte pay reasonably compensation and beat most of the competition and industry standards. Besides that, Deloitte provide wellness program for his employees health. According to Deloitte, 2010, Organizations succeeding in every way generally require a robust wellness program which comprise 7 characteristics such as vision, optimism, strong employee engagement, and an investment mentality the least are the most likely to press their advantage and pursue one aggressively. From the statement above, it can be effectiveness aggressive in an organization. In additional, Deloitte is a stability company. Deloitte is part of the Big Four international professional services network in accountancy which included PWC, KPMG and Ernst Young. It shows that Deloitte is at the cash cows state which high market share and low market growth. According to Business Dictionary, 2012, cash cow means a brand, business unit, product or services that generate large and positive cash flow. Therefore, Deloitte will maintain its stability to avoid go to dog (Declines). 2.1.3 Relationship between Cultures with Structure of Deloitte Span of control aggressiveness Formalization stability Chain of command people orientation Departmentalization outcome orientation Work specialization team orientation Decentralization innovation and risk taking Attention to detail Figure 1.1 The characteristics of organization cultures have aggressiveness, stability, people orientation, outcome orientation, team orientation, innovation and risk taking and attention to detail. Besides that, the 6 elements of organization structure have formalization, chain of command, departmentalization, work specialization and centralization or decentralization. There has a relationship between the above culture and element or structure. The relationship between span of control and team orientation can be seen through the Deloittes manager of marketing department can control the marketing team. Therefore, that shows a clear relationship between span of control and team orientation. Next, span of control also make a connection with people orientation. Deloitte should hire managers to control his employees in Deloitte because a manager cannot control 100 above employees. Besides that, departmentalization is in relationship with team orientation. In Deloitte, there has different team follow a leader or manager to work together in a particular department. So, it has direct show the relationship between departmentalization and team orientation. Furthermore, decentralization is in relationship with people orientation. It is because Deloitte empower its employees to do certain decision. It shows that Deloitte is focus on people in order to satisfaction to improve productivity. Based on the statement, it shows the clear relationship. Next, decentralization is in relationship with outcome orientation. When Deloitte empower its employees it will save the time for waiting the top management to do decision. Some more, increase the productivity of employees work. Therefore, employees wouldnt feel someone is controlling him or her. Thus, it will related to innovation and low risk taking because after Deloitte empowered employees, it will not sure whether the decision making is right or wrong. Other, empowerment may bring organization innovation by employees do something new such as from unproductivity to productivity. Hence, Work specialization is relationship with people orientation. It is because Deloitte believe people can help company to be success. So, Deloitte hire specialists and assign work to them to complete it. Therefore, Deloitte is focusing in person who is specialist. Moreover, chain of command is connection with outcome orientation. It is because chain of command is toward the authority from top management. Typically, top management will more likely to see the result or outcome only. Therefore, chain of command has a relationship with outcome orientation. In additional, formalization related to aggressiveness by rule and procedure. Normally, large company such as Deloitte should wellness program for employees. By this, employees will feel satisfaction and safe for the working environment. So, employees will feel aggressiveness and loyal to work for Deloitte. Last, formalization is relationship with attention to detail. Deloitte is formal structure so that it will easier to attention to detail for solve the problem. It is because with a formal structure will easier to investigate in details about the cause and the root of the problem should a problem arise. Besides that, it also related to departmentalization. When facing a certain problem, different department will attention in detail to get the root of problem and solve it. In Conclusion, based on the organization chart, Deloitte is a hybrid structure. Besides that, the 7 characteristics belong into Deloittes culture. Furthermore, the organization design of Deloitte is virtual design. Accoding to Rouse, 2005, virtual organization is one whose members are geographically apart, usually working by email or groupware while to appearing to other to be a single. Therefore, Deloitte use video conferencing. 2.2 Definition of management and leadership Management refer to coordinating and overseeing the work of other people so that the activities can be accomplished efficiency and effectiveness. Typically, a management should have the function managers perform approach. This approach included planning, organizing, leading and controlling. According to Business Dictionary, 2012, the coordination of the activities of a business in order to achieve the objective. It shows that an organization needs management to coordinate so that can achieve the objective with efficiency and effectiveness. Leadership mean what a leader do or the process of influence other to achieve goal. There have two types of leadership which is transformational and transaction leadership. According to Maxwell, 1998, leadership is influence, nothing much and nothing less. It shows that leadership is process to influence people. 2.2.1 Function of Management of Deloitte Deloitte want to sustain growth in the market. It designed 5 steps of strategy to achieve the goal. To develop the plan, Deloitte assign the strategies to key employees to implement. For example, increase advertising, sale staff and others. Besides that, use vision and mission to articulate the goals. According to Rothbauer-Wanish, 2009, the first component of managing is planning so that manager must determine the organization goal and how to achieve it by follow the vision and mission statement of the company. Deloitte arrange and structuring the work to different departments to accomplish the organization goal. It provides resources to particular department. For example, marketing department needs 50 thousands to make an advertisement. According to Cliffnotes, after the planning, manager need to organize the team and material based on the plan. Besides that, Deloitte has taken leading in its management. Deloitte using video conferencing to direct communicate with its employees. Moreover, it is using 5 rewards priorities to attract, motivate and retain the talent of employees. Deloitte also empowered its employees by guiding and encouraging them to do decision. According to Cliffnotes, leading involve motivating, communicating, guide and encouraging. Furthermore, Deloitte has taken the last action which is controlling in its management. It is using video conferencing to direct control his employees. By this, manager can check the result and correction the work immediately if necessary. In additional, using video conferencing will reduce the travel costs so that is part to controlling function. According to Rothbauer-Wanish, 2009, controlling involved the monitoring of the organization to make sure the goal is achieving and manager should attention to the cost and performances. 2.2.2 Transformational and Transactional Leadership Deloitte has practised the transactional leadership to its followers. Deloittes motivation system is once the employees get a certain value in fulfilling goal then rewards only can be paid. According to Management Study Guide, 2012, transactional leader trust that motivating can be through a rewards and punishment system. Besides that, Deloitte use video conferencing to guide and motivate his employees. According to Improved Employees, 2012, use every type of communicating technology to better communicate with staff in order to improving employee motivation. Next, Deloitte has also practised the transformational leadership to its followers. Deloitte is inspiring his followers to perform by empowerment. For example, after Deloitte have empowered his employees, they will feel interest toward their job and build high performance in organization. Therefore, transformational leader influence and inspire employees. According to Management Study Guide, 2012, transformational leadership motivate and empower employee to achieve goal and encourage them to transcend their own interests. 2.3 Definition of Motivation and Performance Motivation is the combination of a persons desire, energy directed and keep toward to achieve a goal. Energy refers to measure of intensity or drive. For example, dream, desire, reward and other. Then, direction means toward organizational goal. For example, what should do in order to get the dream or some work. Last, persistence is exerting effort to achieve the goal. For example, do not give up and action to do something with effort to get the dream. According to Nelson and Quick, 2011, motivation is the process of arousing and sustaining goal directed behaviour. It shows that motivation must have the 3 elements in order to be motivated. According to Oxford dictionary, 2012, performance defines as the action or the process of performing a task or a function. It can be a task or operation seen in how successful of the performed. Therefore, an organization needs performance to success. 2.3.1 The Relationship between Motivation and Performance In Deloitte, training will improve an employee to motivate and perform in an organization. Deloitte provide different training program for employees to maximizing the enterprise performance. For example, customized training, learning, human capital, management solution and others. According to Wilks, 2010, improving employee motivation to do well training is a must. It shows that training is an essential part of organization. After provided training, employees learned new things then the department will be high performance in organization. Besides that, Deloitte is empowering his employees to perform in an organization. Based on Deloittes seven signals, one of the cultures is empowerment. Deloitte believes that empower his people will get motivation and performance of employees. For example, when a team was empowered by manager, they can create their own team structure and feel comfortable so it a way it works will increase productivity. According to Management Study Guide, 2012, empowerment should be given to employees because this helps perform the task in the best possible manner. Therefore, empowerment will bring the high performance in an organization. Furthermore, Deloitte is practise the reward system to motivate employees to perform in organization. At Deloitte, they reward employees for their good work but not only reward in their salary and through other mechanisms that allow Deloitte to credit employees effort over and above expectation. According to Richards, 2012, individuals are motivated by internal and externals factors. Externals factors included rewards, goal achievement, bonus and others. It shows that during the attracting by external factors, employees will perform well in organization. In additional, Deloitte also use video conferencing to motivate employees to get performance. It is because video conferencing can direct communicate with employees. By using video conferencing, the information exchange will be more understand. Therefore, it tent to motivate or influence employee behaviour. According to Anderson, 2012, clear and honest communication help to build closed relationship between manager and employee so that it assists employees in reaching maximum productivity. 2.4 Efficiency and Effectiveness Team Based on the definition of efficiency, effectiveness and team. Team refer to a group of people work together to achieve a common goal. Efficiency team refer to the team is doing the things right. For example, a team getting job done with use the less resources possible. Besides that, effectiveness team mean the team is doing right things. For example, the team attained the goal at the end. Therefore, efficiency and effectiveness team refer to the team which is doing right things and things right. 2.4.1 Technology of Deloitte Nowadays, technology is very popular in an organization. Small organization still following but almost all the large organization must have technology. According to Hayday, 2002, one in four UK offices believes that IT is the most useful thing in workplace. It shows technology is essential in organization. Besides that, technology divides into few types: Administrative Technology- telephones, vacuum cleaners, fax machines, printer and photocopies Instructional Technology- videotapes, internet, video recording, computer software, computer Information Technology- Deloitte Facebook, Deloitte Youtube, Deloitte Talent search, Thomas international, Deloitte Web site. It shows that Deloitte has uses this 3 types of technologies in the organization. 2.4.2 Advantages of Technology Given to Deloitte The advantages of administrative technology help Deloittes team to be convenience. The multifunction printer has the features of print, scan, photocopies and fax. Deloittes team can use the multiple function of the printer during their work. Therefore, Deloitte can buy a multifunction printer to instead a fax machines, a scan machines and a photocopies machines. According to Orth, 2012, a multifunction printer offers the convenience of additional features. It shows that printer help Deloittes team to be convenience. Therefore, during the process of printing Deloittes team save time and at the end Deloittes get the job done in time. Besides that, instructional technology helps Deloittes team to increase productivity. The Video conferencing helps Deloittes team direct communicate with each other. It is because direct communicate will increase team understanding. Therefore, it is increasing productivity of team. According to People Link, 2011, video conferencing help increase the productivity of managers because typically manager travelled for a short time meetings. It shows that video conferencing instead of wasting travelling time. Therefore, the process show understanding to the team and make right decision at the end. Furthermore, information technology helps Deloitte to store information into few wed site with a lower cost. By this, Deloitte employees can search and share their information on the specific web site. For example, Deloitte Facebook, Deloitte Youtube, Deloitte Talent search, Thomas international, Deloitte Web site. Therefore, Deloittes employees can log in to the web site by username and password. According to Buzzle, 2012, information provides a low cost business option to store and maintain information. It shows that company can save cost to store information. 2.4.3 Disadvantages of Technology Given to Deloitte The disadvantage of administrative technology of Deloitte is when a multifunction printing problem occurs will totally affect other function to perform. In this situation, it will affect Deloittes employees delay their work. Therefore, when multifunction printer problem will make employees unproductivity in organization. According to Orth, 2012, multifunction printer had problem will unable to use any of the devices function. It shows that the printer stop perform and need repair. Besides that, disadvantage of instructional technology of Deloitte is high cost and unstable connection. Deloitte use multimillion dollar to contract with Nortel in order to use Nortel system to operate the video conference. In additional, the maintenance video conference would be high also. Sometimes, heavy rainy or storming will affect the stability of connection. So, it will disconnection during half meeting. According to Video Conferencing Guide, 2010, the disadvantages of using video conferencing are high cost and stability of the connection. 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